La0．67Mg0．33Ni2．5Co0．5贮氢合金的制备和MH电极性能研究

采用高频感应熔炼方法制备了PuNi3型La0.67Mg0.33Ni2.5Co0.5合金;用X射线衍射分析和电化学方法研究了添加不同Mg含量以补偿Mg元素烧损时合金的组织结构和电化学性能。X射线衍射分析(XRD)表明,铸态合金由．PuNi3型主相和少量的CaCu5型第二相组成,铸态合金经1223K和10h退火处理后,CaCu5型第二相可明显减少,其中Mg增加10％时得到纯度较高的PuNi3型组织。电化学测试表明,增加适当Mg含量和进行退火热处理能明显提高和改善合金电极容量、循环稳定性和大电流放电性能。与AB5型和。482型Laves相贮氢合金比较,PuNi3型La0.67Mg0.33Ni2.5Co0.5贮氢合金具有电极容量高及优良的大电流放电性能。     

16MnR钢在湿硫化氢环境中的应力腐蚀开裂敏感性研究

采用慢应变速率拉伸腐蚀试验（SSRT），研究了16MnR钢在湿硫化氢环境中的应力腐蚀开裂敏感性.在环境因素中，主要考虑了H2S浓度、CI-浓度、温度和pH值等介质参数单独或交互作用对应力腐蚀敏感性的影响.实验采用均匀设计方法，介质参数在各自取值范围内组合成8组实验介质.应力腐蚀敏感性指数F(A)的逐步回归结果显示:H2S浓度对16MnR钢应力腐蚀敏感性指数F(A)影响最为显著；随着H2S浓度的升高，应力腐蚀敏感性指数增大；pH值对F(A)的影响也较显著,CI-浓度与F(A)之间没有显著的相关性，温度和H2S浓度对F(A)产生交互作用.     

Influence of addition of Cu（OH）2 to KOH alkaline electrolyte on electrochemical properties of La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.5Co1.5 hydrogen storage alloy electrode

The influence of the addition of Cu（OH）2 to 6 mol/L KOH alkaline electrolyte on the electrochemical properties of La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.5Co1.5 hydrogen storage alloy electrode was investigated by electron probe X-ray microanalysis（EPMA）, X-ray diffraction（XRD） and electrochemical measurements. EPMA micrographs and XRD patterns show that the surface of the hydride electrode is plated by metal copper film. The thickness and compactness of Cu film increase with the increment of charge-discharge cycle number. The copper film of the hydride electrode surface can keep the hydrogen storage alloy particle in the electrode interior from oxidizing availably. The addition of Cu（OH）2 to alkaline electrolyte lowers the activation property and the high rate dischargeability of the La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.5Co1.5 hydride electrode, but has no negative effect on the maximum discharge capacity of the hydride electrode. Moreover, it is effective to improve the cyclic stability of the hydride electrode utilizing electrodeposit Cu film on theLa2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.5Co1.5 hydride electrodes surface.     

Biofilm Responses to Flow Regulation by Dams in Mediterranean Rivers

Dams regulate downstream hydrology and modify water quality, which in turn can impinge on the biota, especially in rivers naturally subject to large hydrological variability, such as those under Mediterranean climate. The effect of dams on biofilms was analysed in three tributaries (Cinca, Siurana and Montsant) of the Ebro River (NE Spain). We hypothesized that flow regulation would lead to lower spatial variability of biofilms on the streambed and to a decrease in their metabolic rate per unit biomass, especially during low flow periods. Biofilm characteristics were studied in five transects evenly spaced along river reaches upstream (control) and downstream (impact) of dams in each river, along with riverbed granulometry, hydraulics and water chemistry. Chlorophyll‐a, respiratory activity, photosynthetic capacity and efficiency, and extracellular enzymatic activities (β‐d ‐glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase and leucine‐amino‐peptidase) of epilithic biofilms were measured in different seasons. Spatial variability of chemical and biological variables was reduced downstream of the dams. Chlorophyll‐a concentration, photosynthetic efficiency and respiration capacity were higher in impact than in control reaches, but generally, low inorganic phosphorus concentrations resulted in comparable phosphatase activities downstream and upstream of dams. On the other hand, β‐d ‐glucosidase and leucine‐amino‐peptidase activities were higher at impact reaches. Biofilms were thicker and metabolically more active at the impact reaches, with higher ability to transform dissolved organic matter. Overall, results from this study provide evidence that dams can largely affect the structure and activity of river biofilms, with foreseeable important consequences for river ecosystem functioning. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

张家口市工业用水特征与节水效益分析

通过对张家口市工业用水特征和用水效益分析,利用张家口市2001~2013年用水资料和国民经济统计资料,采用数理统计法,对工业用水结构、用水效益和用水指标进行分析计算。     

一种带有“遮罩”的ASIFT特征提取算法

指出提高ASIFT算法效率的一种新途径:利用“遮罩”屏蔽源自视角模拟的无效像素区域,从而使较为耗时的区域运算仅作用于有效像素区域,以达到提高运算效率的目的.首先,分析无效像素区域产生根源,并定量分析此类区域在各区域运算环节占有的比例,指出增加“遮罩”的必要性,特别指出被处理图像的宽高比越大,则经“遮罩”处理后所获得的加速比越高;随后,给出带有“遮罩”的ASIFT算法结构;然后,给出“遮罩”的一种低存储空间、高访问效率的数据结构,并给出离线获取“遮罩”的一种解析方法;最后,通过实验证实使用“遮罩”能有效提高ASIFT算法中区域运算部分的效率,从而在一定程度上也提高了算法整体的运算效率,但效率提升幅度受到理想区域加速比限制.     

一种高效2.45 GHz低输入功率微带整流电路

提出了一种高效的2.45 GHz低输入功率微带整流电路,它可以有效地吸收低输入射频能量。该整流电路主要由一个倍压二极管BAT15-04W、开路枝节匹配电路和谐波抑制电路组成。所用的倍压二极管BAT15-04W是一个适用于低输入功率能量收集的低功耗肖特基贴片二极管。开路枝节匹配电路用于将整流电路匹配到50Ω。谐波抑制电路则是用于转换效率的优化设计。实测结果显示在直流负载为5 kΩ、输入功率为5 d Bm的情况下,该整流电路的RF-DC整流效率可达75.3%,所得到的直流电压超过3.45 V。     

How the environment determines banking efficiency: a comparison of banking firms in Taiwan,Hong Kong,and Mainland China

This study uses the three‐stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to explore the true managerial efficiency of the banking firms in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mainland China. The empirical results indicate that the environmental conditions have a significant impact on banking efficiency. When the country‐specific situations are important factors in explaining efficiency difference, the common frontier estimates obtained by neglecting those factors can generate biased and overestimated inefficiency levels. With findings obtained from the slack variable analyses, the current study can provide inefficient banks with ways to reduce their input waste through the adjustment of input allocations. The findings also confirm the importance of the three‐stage DEA and its applications in determining the true managerial efficiencies of banks. Without the three‐stage DEA, the management could be misguided when making strategic decisions and conducting inappropriate resource allocation.     

高效动态存储再分配方案与实现

为提高大小和数量都不确定的数据动态存储的空间利用率和处理速度,针对常规系统动态存储分配存在的问题,提出一种高效的动态存储再分配方案。通过减少系统动态存储分配的执行次数,在有效提高存储空间利用率的同时,提高存储空间动态分配的速度,给出动态存储再分配方案的具体实现算法,用实际数据对其性能进行测试。测试结果表明,该方案能节省36％至75％的系统存储空间,分配速度提高了20至50倍。     

基于平方位置误差下限的优化功率分配方案

在无线传感网络中,节点定位是基于位置的应用基本要求。然而,现多数文献仅关注定位精度,而忽略了能量消耗对定位精度的影响。为此,针对基于接收信号强度RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indicator)定位方案,提出基于平方位置误差下限SPEB(Squared Position Error Bound)的优化功率分配SPEB-OPA(SPEB-Based Optimal Power Allocation)方案,目的在于最小化能量消耗。在SPEB-OPA算法中,将SPEB作为评定定位精度的参数,并推导出SPEB表达式,然后建立优化功率分配的目标函数,并考虑到锚节点位置存在误差。仿真结果表明,提出的SPEB-OPA方案极大地减少了功率消耗。当误差门限T=8时,SPEB-OPA方案的功率消耗比统一功率分配UPA(Uniform Power allocation)方案减少至50%。